colony counting
​CFU = # colonies x dilution factor

  mixed vs  pure cultures:
pure: each colony on a plate is derived from one cell that divided exponentially...so a pure culture is a culture that is derived from 1 bacterial cell. it contains only 1 species.
​mixed: a culture that contains more than one type of organism growing in a sterile medium.

colony forming units:
​a measure of viable cells in which a colony represents a cluster of cells derived from a single cell.

pH

antibiotics

UV
​light

  serial dilutions        and plating 

how does temperature/pH/osmotic pressure/UV light/antiobiotics
​ affect microbial growth?

        Microbiology Lab

osmotic pressure

  serial dilutions