Blood Analysis:          Pathology

   Blood type test

   for one sample...

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   September 2:  Blood

    Blood Analysis

  and just for fun...

   Blood types
     ABO/Rh

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 1. Leukemia
 2. Sickle Cell Disease
 3. Pernicious Anemia
 4. Eosinophilia

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    Types of WBCs

Polycythemia
occurs when the hematocrit (%RBC) and/or the hemoglobin concentration are/is elevated in peripheral blood due to an increase in the number of RBCs = absolute polycythemia or decrease in the volume of plasma = relative polycythemia.

Coagulation
(clotting) Time

is the time it takes for a sample of blood to coagulate. 
The most common method to determine this figure is the  capillary tube method. Clotting is affected by Ca ion levels and various diseases. Normal clotting time = 2-8 min. 

Hematocrit
 measurement of RBCs in a   blood sample measureed by   volume but expressed as a %. 
 A hematocrit of 40% means
there are 40 milliliters of red blood cells in 100 milliliters of blood.

Agranular leukocytes have no or few granules in their cytoplasm. Monocytes, lymphocytes, and NK cells are agranular.
B lymphocytes (B cells) defend the body against specific pathogens and as such
confer specific immunity.

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Granules are tiny vacuoles  containing enzymes used to defend against pathogens, reduce inflammation and destroy cells.
Granulocytes part of the
innate immune system 

Hemoglobin Concentration
is measured as the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) =
 the concentration of hemoglobin
in a given volume of packed red blood cells, calculated by dividing the hemoglobin by the hematocrit. Hemoglobin concentration is read by a spectrophotometer
(absorbtion at 540 nm)

Parasitic  Infections:
 5. Plasmodium
 6. Trypanosoma

Differential
WBC Count 
determines the percentage of each type of  WBC 
​present in your blood.

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 Welcome to Dr. Kate Brilakis' Learning Portal
​

 Please follow all safety procedures!
 In today's lab, we'll:
 1. Review blood types (ABO/Rh)
 2. Review ABO/Rh antigen/antibody
      reactions
 3. Determine our blood type
 4.  Learn the name/structure and frequency           of five white blood cells (WBCs):
      a. Neutrophils
      b. Lympocytes
      c. Monocytes
      d. Eosinophils
      e. Basophils
  5. View slides of pathology samples:   
      a. Leukemia
      b. Sickle Cell Disease
      c. Pernicious Anemia
   6. Discuss clinical terms including:
      a. hematocrit
      b. coagulation time
      c. hemoglobin concentration
      d. differential white blood cell count
      e. polycthemia
      and identify the standard range for each    

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